Đề ôn thi Đề thi vào lớp 10 Trường Phổ thông Năng khiếu môn Tiếng Anh - Mã đề PTNK-37

The Panama Canal is a vital waterway connecting the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, drastically cutting travel time for ships. Instead of sailing around South America, vessels can now cross between the oceans in hours. However, the land is not flat, which presented a huge engineering challenge. The solution was (21) __________ system of locks.

The canal’s function depends on these locks. Because the oceans are at different sea levels, engineers avoided building a single, flat channel. Instead, they designed 'water elevators'. A ship first enters a large, enclosed section called a lock chamber. Massive steel gates are then sealed behind it, trapping the vessel inside.

To lift the ship, a powerful process begins. Valves are opened (22) __________ water from a higher lake can flow into the chamber. As the chamber fills, the ship is slowly raised until the water inside (23) __________ the level of the next section. The entire operation is a masterclass in using gravity for water control.

Once the levels are equal, the forward gate opens, and the ship can move on into the next part of its journey. To lower a ship on the other side, the process is reversed. Water is drained from the chamber, which lowers the vessel to the next level, allowing for a smooth transition out of the canal.

If this lock system did not exist, the canal simply would not work. A lead engineer once remarked that his team (24) __________ the project with the belief that failure was not an option. This determination proved that with enough innovation, humanity can move mountains to achieve incredible feats.

Acne is an almost universal experience for teenagers worldwide, making it one of the most common adolescent health issues. During puberty, fluctuating hormones often trigger increased oil production, leading to unwelcome pimples, blackheads, and whiteheads. [I] Many teens find themselves constantly checking their reflection or avoiding social situations because of their skin. Understanding that you're not alone in this struggle is the first step toward managing it effectively and feeling more confident.

So, what exactly causes these breakouts? The primary culprits are often hormones, specifically androgens, which become more active during adolescence. [II] These stimulate sebaceous glands to produce more sebum, a natural oil. When excess sebum mixes with dead skin cells, it can clog pores. These clogged pores become ideal breeding grounds for bacteria, leading to inflammation and the visible red bumps known as acne. While diet, stress, and genetics can also play a role, hormonal changes are typically the main driver for most teenage acne.

While it might seem tempting to try every product on the market, effective teenage skincare often boils down to consistency and simplicity. A good routine involves gentle cleansing twice daily using a mild cleanser to remove excess oil and impurities. Following this with a lightweight, non-comedogenic moisturizer is crucial, even for oily skin, to prevent it from overcompensating. Incorporating treatments with ingredients like salicylic acid or benzoyl peroxide can help unclog pores and kill bacteria. [III] Remember, patience is key; results often take several weeks to become noticeable.

In Vietnam, skincare is a particularly vibrant topic among young people, with many teenagers keenly following advice from popular YouTubers and beauty influencers. These online personalities often review and recommend products, shaping trends. Brands like La Roche-Posay, known for their dermatologically tested formulations, are highly popular for addressing acne concerns. Beyond international names, local Vietnamese brands are also gaining traction, offering accessible and effective solutions. [IV] This active online community highlights a shared desire among Vietnamese youth to find the best ways to care for their skin and achieve a clear complexion.

Ultimately, managing acne is about finding a routine that works for your unique skin and sticking with it. Remember, acne is a temporary phase for most, and focusing on basic, effective care can make a huge difference in how you feel. Don't be afraid to experiment gently with products or, if your acne is severe or persistent, consult a dermatologist. Taking proactive steps to care for your skin can improve its condition and boost your confidence, allowing you to focus on enjoying your teenage years without unnecessary worries.