Đề ôn thi Đề thi vào lớp 10 Trường Phổ thông Năng khiếu môn Tiếng Anh - Mã đề PTNK-36

For many years, Pluto was considered the ninth planet in our solar system, a small, icy world at the edge of our cosmic neighborhood. It (21) __________ in 1930 by the American astronomer Clyde Tombaugh, and for decades, its status as a planet was widely accepted by everyone.

However, as technology improved, astronomers began to find other objects in the outer solar system that were similar in size to Pluto. (22) __________, one of these objects, Eris, was found to be even more massive than Pluto. This discovery challenged the traditional view of the solar system.

This created a problem for scientists, who needed a clear definition for the term 'planet'. Was Eris the tenth planet? What about the other similar bodies? In 2006, the International Astronomical Union (IAU) officially voted to create a new definition to settle the matter.

According to the new rules, a celestial body must meet three criteria to be a full-sized planet. It must orbit the Sun, be massive enough for its gravity to make it round, and have 'cleared its neighborhood' of other objects. Pluto meets the first two of these rules, but not the third because there are (23) __________ other objects in its orbit.

As a result, Pluto was reclassified from a planet to a 'dwarf planet'. This decision (24) __________ a lot of debate among the public and scientists, but the official classification remains. Pluto is now known as a prominent example of this new category of celestial bodies.

Many people, especially young students, often imagine art museums as quiet, somewhat dusty buildings filled with old paintings and sculptures, where hushed whispers are the loudest sounds. The idea of spending an afternoon admiring ancient artifacts might not sound as appealing as a new video game or scrolling through social media. This perception often stems from school trips that felt more like a chore than an exciting exploration, leaving many with the impression that art museums are just for serious scholars or older generations who appreciate "boring" art. [I]

However, this traditional image is rapidly evolving. Across the globe, art museums are transforming, striving to become vibrant, dynamic spaces that engage and inspire visitors of all ages. Gone are the days when art was solely behind velvet ropes. Today, modern institutions embrace innovation, incorporating cutting-edge digital installations, immersive virtual reality experiences, and interactive exhibits. They host diverse workshops, live performances, and special events, all designed to break down barriers and make art exciting for everyone. [II]

This global shift presents opportunities and challenges for institutions closer to home, such as the esteemed Vietnam National Fine Arts Museum in Hanoi. This museum is a custodian of priceless national treasures, showcasing Vietnam's rich artistic heritage and cultural soul. Yet, like many traditional museums, it faces the ongoing task of attracting a younger demographic who might find its solemn halls less captivating than the immediate gratification offered by modern entertainment. Bridging this gap is crucial for preserving and sharing the nation's artistic legacy. [III]

To overcome this, museums are actively re-thinking their approach. [IV] Imagine a museum hosting a street art workshop, a digital art competition, or even a late-night music event amidst ancient exhibits. Some museums now have dedicated youth programs, engaging social media campaigns, or "meet the artist" sessions. The goal is to transform the museum from a passive viewing space into an active learning and creative hub, where young people can find connection, inspiration, and a sense of belonging.

So, the next time you think of an art museum, try to shed the old stereotypes. These institutions are no longer merely silent archives for the past; <b>they</b> are evolving into lively centers of culture, education, and innovation. They are places where history meets technology, and ancient stories are retold in modern ways, designed to spark curiosity and creativity in everyone, including you and your friends. Far from being boring, today's art museums are dynamic spaces just waiting to surprise and engage you.