Đề ôn thi Đề thi vào lớp 10 Trường Phổ thông Năng khiếu môn Tiếng Anh - Mã đề PTNK-176

Have you ever wondered about the clothes you wear? While some fabrics like cotton come from plants, many others are man-made. Nylon is a well-known example of a synthetic fabric, and its creation is (21) __________ fascinating scientific process. This process starts not on a farm, but in a laboratory, with raw materials that are very different from the final product.

The basic ingredients for nylon are chemicals which are derived from crude oil. These specific chemicals are combined in a high-pressure environment. This carefully controlled reaction creates long, repeating chains of molecules called (22) __________. These chains are what give synthetic fabrics their characteristic strength and durability. The entire mixture becomes a thick, hot liquid, ready for the next stage of production.

Next, the hot liquid polymer is forced through a special device with tiny holes, called a spinneret. This is similar to how a spider spins its web. As the liquid is pushed out of the holes, it quickly cools and solidifies, forming long, thin strands known as fibers. This step is critical for determining the thickness and texture of the final thread that will be used.

The newly formed fibers are not yet strong enough to be used in clothing. Therefore, they are stretched to several times their original length. This stretching process, known as 'drawing', forces the polymer chains to align in a parallel structure. If the fibers (23) __________ stretched in this way, they would be weak and easily break. The alignment is what gives nylon its signature resilience and elasticity.

Finally, these strengthened fibers can be woven into fabric. The specific way they are woven brings about different textures and properties in the final material. A leading textile engineer once remarked that the invention of nylon had ushered in a new era for affordable and versatile clothing. Indeed, the ability to design materials with specific qualities (24) __________ in modern fashion, from high-performance sportswear to everyday wear.

Exploring a new city offers exhilarating adventure: a chance to immerse yourself in different cultures, taste new foods, and see incredible sights. From the lively markets of Ho Chi Minh City to the historic charm of Rome, each destination promises unique memories. However, amidst this excitement, staying safe is paramount. While travel is generally safe, tourists can sometimes be targets for scams or petty crime. Being prepared and aware is crucial for a positive and worry-free experience.

One of the most immediate steps you can take is to secure your valuables. Avoid flaunting expensive gadgets or large sums of cash. Instead, consider using a money belt or a concealed pouch for important documents and significant money. Always keep your bag zipped and close to your body, especially in crowded markets or public transport. Furthermore, always be aware of your surroundings. Look up from your phone, know who is around you, and trust your instincts – if a situation feels off, it usually is.

Being informed about common local scams can save you a lot of hassle. For instance, in many major Vietnamese cities, visitors are often warned about issues with taxi meters or vendors overcharging for goods. Always opt for reputable taxi companies or ride-sharing apps, and when shopping, agree on a price beforehand. Resist pressure to buy anything you don't want, and be wary of anyone offering unsolicited "help" or highly discounted tours. Researching common pitfalls specific to your destination can be incredibly helpful.

Prior research plays a vital role in your safety strategy. Before you even pack your bags, look up information about the city’s safer neighborhoods, local customs, and areas to avoid, especially at night. Know the emergency contact numbers for the local police, ambulance, and your country’s embassy or consulate. Share your itinerary with family or friends back home, and check in regularly. Learning a few basic local phrases can also be incredibly helpful for directions or help.

[I] Ultimately, embracing these safety tips doesn't diminish the joy of exploration; it enhances it. [II] Knowing you're prepared allows you to relax and truly soak in a new place. [III] They are crucial life skills that will serve you well, whether navigating a new city or simply hanging out with friends in your own neighborhood. [IV] Stay smart, stay safe, and enjoy every journey.