Đề ôn thi Đề thi vào lớp 10 Trường Phổ thông Năng khiếu môn Tiếng Anh - Mã đề PTNK-157

Concrete is an essential material in our modern world, forming the backbone of everything from skyscrapers to sidewalks. It is, by far, the (21) __________ widely used construction material on Earth. The reason for its popularity lies in its incredible strength, durability, and versatility. While it may seem like a simple grey substance, concrete is actually a carefully balanced composite material, created from a specific recipe of ingredients that have been perfected over many years.

The fundamental recipe for concrete involves three main parts: a paste and an aggregate. The paste consists of Portland cement and water, which, when combined, start a chemical reaction. This paste coats the surface of the aggregate, which is typically a mix of sand and gravel. As the paste hardens, it binds all the individual particles of sand and gravel together into a single, solid mass. This process is what gives concrete its rock-like characteristics.

Achieving the right consistency and strength is a science. Engineers and construction workers must (22) __________ precise calculations to determine the exact proportions of water, cement, sand, and gravel. Too much water can weaken the final product, while too little can make it difficult to mix and pour. This is what ensures the concrete will be able to support heavy loads and last for decades without failing.

Once mixed, the wet concrete must be transported and poured quickly, before it begins to set. It is typically poured into molds or forms, which hold it in the desired shape as it hardens. This initial (23) __________ process can take several hours, but the concrete continues to strengthen for weeks or even months. Only after it has fully cured does the structure possess its designed load-bearing capacity and durability.

(24) __________, the journey of concrete from a simple mixture of powder, water, and stones to the foundation of our cities is a testament to human ingenuity. Its simplicity, combined with its immense strength, ensures that it will remain a vital component of construction for the foreseeable future.

Life is full of unexpected twists and turns, often presenting us with challenges that can feel overwhelming. From academic pressures to personal struggles, everyone faces unique adversities. Across the globe, incredible individuals who have navigated extreme personal hardship transform their painful experiences into powerful narratives. These motivational speakers travel the world, sharing their profound stories not just to recount their past, but to ignite a spark of hope and resilience in millions. They inspire people to confront and conquer their own obstacles, no matter how daunting they may seem.

Among these remarkable figures, one man stands out, particularly in Vietnam: Nick Vujicic. Born in Australia with an extremely rare condition, tetra-amelia syndrome, Nick came into the world without arms or legs. Imagine the profound shock and initial despair for both him and his family, facing a life that seemed impossibly limited. Simple daily tasks most people take for granted, like eating or moving, presented colossal barriers. [I]

Yet, it is precisely this extraordinary challenge that forms the bedrock of Nick’s universally acclaimed message. [II] He doesn't just share his story; he embodies the transformative power of attitude. Nick profoundly teaches that true happiness and success are not dictated by the circumstances we are born into, or the difficulties we encounter, but solely by how we choose to respond to them. He demonstrates, through his own vibrant life, that limitations are often self-imposed, and that a determined spirit can overcome virtually any physical barrier, proving a positive mindset is the most powerful tool.

This profound message has resonated deeply with audiences worldwide, but perhaps nowhere as powerfully as in Vietnam. Nick Vujicic has made several highly anticipated visits to the country, each time drawing massive crowds that fill stadiums and auditoriums to capacity. [III] His presence consistently garners extensive media coverage from prominent outlets like VnExpress, highlighting the profound impact his talks have on the Vietnamese public. The heartfelt reception he receives underscores a collective appreciation for resilience and the human spirit's capacity to transcend hardship, offering powerful hope across generations.

For a 14 or 15-year-old, grappling with school demands, social pressures, and future uncertainties, Nick Vujicic's life offers an invaluable lesson. His journey teaches that your circumstances, whether a demanding exam or a personal setback, do not define your potential or your worth. Instead, it is your internal resilience – your choice to approach challenges with optimism, perseverance, and a belief in your own capabilities – that truly shapes your destiny. [IV] By embracing this philosophy, young people can view obstacles not as roadblocks, but as opportunities for growth, discovering inner strength.