Đề ôn thi Đề thi vào lớp 10 Trường Phổ thông Năng khiếu môn Tiếng Anh - Mã đề PTNK-151

Three-dimensional (3D) printing is a revolutionary technology that allows us to create solid objects from digital files. Unlike traditional manufacturing methods that cut away material from a large block, 3D printing builds an object from the ground up. Instead of carving something out, it adds material layer by layer. This process, also known as additive manufacturing, turns a digital idea into a physical item you can hold in your hand.

The journey begins with a digital design. First, a designer creates a 3D model on a computer using special software called CAD (Computer-Aided Design). This model is a detailed digital blueprint which contains all the geometric information about the object's shape and size. For those who are not designers, many websites offer pre-made digital models that can be downloaded and used.

Next, the completed digital model must be prepared for the printer. This is done using another piece of software called a 'slicer'. The core (21) __________ of the slicer is to cut the 3D model into hundreds or thousands of thin, horizontal layers. The slicer then generates a set of instructions, called G-code, that tells the printer exactly how to move and where to place the material for each layer.

Then, the exciting part begins: the actual printing. The process (22) __________ of a printer head moving back and forth, or up and down, releasing a thin stream of material, such as plastic, resin, or even metal. The printer follows the G-code instructions precisely. Each layer is printed directly onto the previous one, and they fuse together. The printer head (23) __________ deposits the material, and slowly, the object starts to take shape in the physical world.

Finally, once the printing process is completed, the object is almost ready. It needs to be carefully removed from the printer platform. Sometimes, it is necessary to (24) __________ a few small adjustments, like removing temporary support structures that were printed to hold up overhanging parts. After these finishing touches, the custom-made object is complete and ready to be used or admired.

The world is rapidly moving towards a future where pockets are lighter, not from a lack of funds, but from a lack of physical money. This global shift towards cashless societies is a major trend, transforming daily transactions. Digital wallets and mobile payment systems are increasingly becoming the norm, allowing us to pay for everything from groceries to cinema tickets with just a tap or scan. This widespread adoption represents a significant leap in financial technology, promising greater efficiency and convenience in our economic interactions. [I]

In Vietnam, this global trend is a vibrant, everyday reality. The explosive growth of local "super-apps" like MoMo and ZaloPay has been a game-changer, embedding digital payments deeply into Vietnamese life. Walk down any street, and you'll find QR codes everywhere. Whether at a high-end cafe, a bustling market, or your local bánh mì stall, paying by scanning a code is ubiquitous. [II] This rapid integration highlights Vietnam's unique embrace of the digital payment revolution.

So, how exactly does this seamless system work? At its core, the technology relies on Quick Response (QR) codes, two-dimensional barcodes read by your smartphone camera. When ready to pay, you simply open your digital payment app, select "scan," and point your camera at the merchant's QR code. The app instantly recognizes details, allowing you to confirm the amount and complete the transaction in seconds. [III]

For young people aged 14-15, this digital transformation is particularly relevant, shaping your daily financial interactions. Think about your routine: grabbing bubble tea, buying snacks, or purchasing movie tickets. You're likely already using these apps for such payments. [IV] Understanding this technology isn't just about convenience; it's essential for managing your money safely in a digital world. These apps provide clear spending records, help you split bills effortlessly, and simplify your financial life, preparing you for future independence.

As digital payments become ingrained, is physical money disappearing in Vietnam? While cash still holds a place, especially for smaller transactions or in remote areas, the momentum towards a cashless society is undeniable. Their convenience, security, and widespread acceptance suggest a future where digital transactions will dominate. For the younger generation, understanding these platforms is not just about keeping up with trends, but about gaining crucial financial literacy skills. Navigating this landscape safely will be key to managing your finances effectively.