Đề ôn thi Đề thi vào lớp 10 Trường Phổ thông Năng khiếu môn Tiếng Anh - Mã đề PTNK-144

Space probes are robotic spacecraft sent into space to explore our solar system and beyond. Unlike astronauts, these machines can travel to places that are too dangerous or distant for humans. Their primary mission is (21) __________ information about planets, moons, and other celestial bodies. They are the eyes and ears of humanity in the vast emptiness of space, providing us with a close-up view of worlds we may never visit in person.

The journey of a space probe begins on Earth. First, they take off from Earth aboard powerful rockets that escape our planet's gravity. This journey can take many months or even years to complete; therefore, careful and precise planning is absolutely essential for mission success. Navigators must calculate the perfect path to reach the target destination millions of kilometers away.

Upon reaching its destination, a probe uses its set of scientific instruments to begin its work. Each instrument has a specific job, like taking pictures or analyzing gases. If one instrument failed, the mission controllers (22) __________ rely on the others to complete as much of the mission as possible. For scientists waiting back on Earth, getting a clear signal after such a long journey is like striking gold.

A lead engineer once explained that the probe (23) __________ programmed to enter a 'safe mode' if it encountered an unexpected problem, protecting its valuable systems. The information it gathers is converted into a digital signal and sent back across space. These radio waves, carrying valuable (24) __________, are captured by large antennas on our planet.

Scientists then decode these signals to create images and charts. This information helps them understand a planet's weather, geology, and potential for life. Every piece of information is a vital clue in the great puzzle of the universe. The discoveries made by no article space probes have fundamentally changed our understanding of the cosmos.

Every choice we make leaves an invisible mark on our planet, collectively known as our carbon footprint. This term refers to the total amount of greenhouse gases, primarily carbon dioxide, released into the atmosphere as a result of an individual's or organization's activities. From the food we eat to the energy we consume, each daily action contributes to these emissions. Understanding your carbon footprint is the essential first step towards grasping how your personal lifestyle directly impacts climate change, a global phenomenon altering weather patterns, raising sea levels, and threatening ecosystems worldwide. [I]

For a 14-15 year old, this might seem like a distant issue, but consider your daily routine. How do you travel to school – by motorbike, bus, or bicycle? Do you leave your phone charging overnight, or spend hours gaming, which consumes significant electricity? Even the food you choose, particularly certain meats or imported goods, carries a carbon cost from production and transportation. These seemingly small, everyday decisions add up, forming your personal carbon footprint. [II]

Our planet naturally cycles carbon through oceans, soil, and living organisms, maintaining a delicate balance. However, human activities have drastically disrupted this natural process. The burning of fossil fuels like coal, oil, and gas for energy, transportation, and industry releases vast amounts of stored carbon into the atmosphere as carbon dioxide. This rapid influx overwhelms the Earth's natural absorption capacity, leading to an increase in greenhouse gases. This excess traps heat, causing global warming and accelerating climate change, which underscores why reducing our carbon footprint is so crucial. [III]

In Vietnam, as the economy continues its remarkable growth, the average person's carbon footprint tends to increase. This trend is driven by rising energy demands, rapid urbanization, and changing consumption patterns. Recognizing this, the Vietnamese government has implemented proactive strategies, such as the National Strategy on Climate Change. These initiatives aim to manage economic growth responsibly, promote a low-carbon economy, and invest in renewable energy solutions. The goal is to ensure that the nation's development advances without incurring unsustainable environmental costs. [IV]

Ultimately, your carbon footprint powerfully illustrates the impact of individual choices. While government policies and global initiatives are vital, personal actions create a powerful ripple effect. Opting to walk or cycle more often, conserving electricity at home, choosing local and seasonal produce, or simply being more mindful of your consumption habits can significantly reduce your environmental impact. As young people, you hold the unique opportunity and responsibility to drive this change, shaping a more sustainable and healthier future for yourselves and for generations to come. Every step, no matter how small, counts.