Đề ôn thi Đề thi vào lớp 10 Trường Phổ thông Năng khiếu môn Tiếng Anh - Mã đề PTNK-13

A drought is a natural event defined as a prolonged period with little or no precipitation. When an area experiences less rainfall than is normal for a long time, often over months or even years, it can lead to a severe (21) __________ of water. This hydrological imbalance affects everything from the rivers we see to the groundwater hidden beneath our feet, making it one of the most impactful, yet slow-moving, natural disasters.

The primary cause of any drought is a lack of rain or snow over an extended period. This usually occurs because of changes in weather patterns that prevent moisture-rich air from reaching a particular region. A prolonged lack of rain can cause serious problems for the environment and for people who depend on a steady supply of water for their daily lives and economic activities.

The consequences of a drought are wide-ranging. Droughts can severely (22) __________ agriculture, which is often the first sector to feel the impact. For farmers, not enough water means their crops wither and die. This is why the agricultural impact is often the (23) __________ immediately noticeable consequence, creating visible challenges for food production and the livelihoods of farming communities.

When farms fail, food can become scarce and more expensive. This leads to significant economic problems for the region and can affect national food security. Without water, crops simply can not grow, and livestock may not have enough to drink or eat. The damage extends beyond farms. Not only do natural ecosystems suffer as rivers dry up, but (24) __________ does the local economy, which might rely on industries that need water.

In conclusion, understanding the causes and effects of droughts is crucial for every community. By recognizing the signs and planning ahead, governments and individuals can develop strategies to conserve water and lessen the impact of these challenging hydrological events. Preparedness is key to navigating the difficulties that droughts present to our world.

Online quizzes have become a ubiquitous part of our digital lives, offering a fun distraction and an easy way to connect with friends. [I] The appeal is undeniable: a quick click, a few answers, and an instant, amusing insight into ourselves. [II] Yet, beneath this entertaining surface, a more complex and potentially concerning activity is frequently underway.

Many seemingly innocuous quizzes are not just for amusement; they serve as sophisticated data harvesting tools. Entities behind them design them to collect personal information. They gather details like your name, email, age, location, interests, and even access to your friend lists, depending on permissions granted. This valuable data is then aggregated, analyzed, and often sold to marketing firms or used directly for targeted advertising, helping businesses understand consumer behavior and reach specific demographics.

This global trend resonates strongly in Vietnam, with quizzes on platforms like Facebook immensely popular. Consider "Which Vietnamese city should you live in?" While questions seem harmless, completing a quiz often demands permissions, potentially granting access to your profile, email, or friend list. Local companies like Tiki could then use this data to send specific product recommendations, leveraging your quiz responses and network connections for targeted marketing. This makes the general concept feel very real and close to home.

For teenagers, the allure of these quizzes is strong. At 14 or 15, sharing a funny result with friends is a common way to interact and express personality. [III] Immediate gratification and social aspects often overshadow privacy implications. However, each quiz taken and permission granted adds to a growing digital footprint. This information, once collected, can be used for targeted ads, profiling, or even in less predictable ways, compromising online privacy.

Therefore, approaching every online quiz with a critical eye is crucial. Before clicking "Start" or granting permissions, pause to consider what information the quiz requests and why. Always try to read the privacy policy, if available, and be wary of requests for excessive access to your data or network. [IV] Your online privacy is a valuable asset, and protecting it means being mindful of the digital trails you leave, even when engaging in harmless fun.