Đề ôn thi Đề thi vào lớp 10 Trường Phổ thông Năng khiếu môn Tiếng Anh - Mã đề PTNK-112

A robotic vacuum cleaner is a marvel of modern automation. Instead of a person pushing it, this small, circular device moves by itself, cleaning floors automatically. It uses a system of special sensors to perceive its surroundings, which helps it understand the shape of a room and the objects within it. The primary goal is to cover the entire floor area without getting stuck or missing spots.

The robot's 'eyes' are its advanced sensors. Most models use infrared sensors to see obstacles from a distance. With these, it can detect a wall or a piece of furniture before it even touches it. If it does bump into something unexpectedly, like a table leg, a physical bump sensor tells the robot to change direction immediately.

When an obstacle is detected, the robot has to (21) __________ a quick decision. It won't just stop; its programming tells it to navigate around the object. It might slow down and move carefully around a chair, go under a bed if it's high enough, or travel between two pieces of furniture. This ability to avoid obstacles is crucial for its function.

More advanced models do more than just react to obstacles. They create a digital map of the room as they clean. This allows the robot to remember where it has been and what areas still need cleaning. By creating this map, the robot can plan its path more (22) __________ and ensure it doesn't waste battery by cleaning the same spot twice. This makes the entire process much more efficient.

Not only does it save humans a lot of time and effort, but it also demonstrates a simple yet effective form of artificial intelligence. It learns and adapts to its environment. (23) __________, a robotic vacuum is more than just a cleaning tool; it is a smart device that navigates our homes (24) __________ than any previous automated cleaner.

Imagine a sprawling city, a "concrete jungle" where skyscrapers dominate the horizon. Farming seems an unlikely activity here, yet a quiet revolution is taking root high above: rooftop gardens. This innovative urban agriculture trend gains global momentum, transforming unused spaces into vibrant food production zones. The push for local, fresh produce and a significant reduction in environmental impact from food transportation makes these elevated green spaces vital. Rooftop gardens offer a compelling vision for how cities can become more self-sufficient and eco-friendly. [I]

Rooftop gardens are more than just aesthetic additions; they are practical urban solutions. [II] By repurposing the vast surfaces of building roofs, they bring food production closer to consumers, drastically cutting "food miles." Beyond fresh produce, these green havens also improve air quality by absorbing pollutants and releasing oxygen. [III] Furthermore, these elevated ecosystems foster urban biodiversity, providing habitats for insects and birds, turning grey areas green in the most unexpected places.

This global trend strongly resonates in Vietnam's rapidly developing urban centers. Cities like Da Nang and Ho Chi Minh City, with their dense populations, show a growing interest in urban farming. Community projects encourage residents to grow food even in compact spaces. Companies such as V-Space actively promote and install modern hydroponic and rooftop gardening systems, making this practice more accessible. [IV] These local efforts demonstrate proactive environmental stewardship and food security, tailoring innovative solutions for Vietnamese cities.

For a 14 or 15-year-old living in a bustling city, a rooftop garden might sound futuristic, but it's becoming real. Imagine walking a few steps from your apartment to harvest fresh, organic vegetables for dinner, knowing exactly where your food came from. This explores a cool, practical way for city dwellers to connect with nature, understand food systems, and contribute to their community. It’s a hands-on experience sparking curiosity about botany, sustainability, and healthy eating, proving you don't need vast land to grow your own food.

Ultimately, rooftop gardens symbolize urban innovation and resilience. They challenge the traditional notion that farming belongs only to rural areas, demonstrating that cities can and must integrate food production into their fabric. As urban populations continue to grow, these elevated farms will play an increasingly critical role in ensuring food security, enhancing environmental quality, and fostering stronger community ties. The future of farming might just be found not on vast plains, but nestled atop high-rises, transforming our cities into greener, healthier, more sustainable places for all.