Đề ôn thi Đề thi vào lớp 10 Trường THPT Chuyên KHXH môn Tiếng Anh - Mã đề KHXH-87

When you look at (35) __________ Moon, you can see that its surface is not smooth. It is covered with thousands of bowl-shaped holes called craters. These craters were not always there; they were created over billions of years by a powerful and dramatic process. Most of them were formed a very long time ago, when the solar system was young and much more chaotic than it is today.

The story of a crater begins far away in space. First, a fast-moving rock called a meteoroid (36) __________ through space, sometimes for millions of years. Eventually, its path crossed with the Moon. Because the Moon has almost no atmosphere to protect it, this meteoroid did not burn up. Instead, it continued its journey directly towards the lunar surface.

Then, the impact happened. The meteoroid hit the Moon's surface with incredible force, crashing into the ground at thousands of kilometers per hour. (37) __________, an enormous amount of energy was released in an instant. This intense energy from the impact caused tons of rock and dust (38) __________ outwards from the center, creating a massive explosion that blasted a hole in the surface.

The entire event happened (39) __________, much faster than you can imagine. What was left behind was a new crater. Finally, after the explosion, the dust and ejected material that were thrown into the air (40) __________ back onto the surface, forming a rim around the newly formed hole. Over time, more impacts created new craters, sometimes even on top of old ones.

An astronomer once explained that he (41) __________ the Moon's surface was a record of history. Each crater tells a story of a past event. If we could travel back in time, we (42) __________ see these impacts happening much more frequently. Studying these craters helps scientists understand the history of our solar system and the objects that travel within it.

For many years, rap and hip-hop in Vietnam was a small, underground subculture, a world away from the pop ballads that dominated the music charts. Thriving in small online forums and live events, this community was built on a passion for clever wordplay, rhythmic beats, and telling stories about city life and personal struggles. Early Vietnamese rappers were pioneers, creating a unique style that blended global hip-hop influences with local language and culture. They built their fanbases organically, sharing their music directly with a small but dedicated audience who appreciated their raw energy and lyrical depth.

The landscape of Vietnamese music experienced a dramatic shift with the arrival of televised rap competitions, most notably 'Rap Việt'. These shows acted as a powerful catalyst, bringing the genre from the shadows into the national spotlight. Millions of viewers were introduced to the talent and creativity of artists they had never heard of before. Fans were drawn to the contestants' powerful performances and appreciated their authentic stories about ambition, love, and overcoming challenges. This massive exposure turned underground artists into overnight sensations and legitimized rap as a major commercial force in Vietnam.

The consequences of this newfound fame were immediate and widespread. These new-generation rappers quickly became household names. They appeared in advertisements, collaborated with pop stars, and their songs consistently topped the charts. This commercial success brought financial stability to many artists, allowing them to produce higher-quality music videos and albums. For the first time, a career as a rapper in Vietnam was not just a dream but a viable profession. The music itself also evolved, sometimes incorporating more melodic, pop-friendly hooks to appeal to a broader audience.

However, this transition has not been without debate. The rapid commercialization has sparked conversations within the community about artistic integrity. A divide has emerged between two main groups of artists. The first group embraces the mainstream, viewing it as a platform to reach more people and achieve professional success. The second group remains dedicated to the 'underground' spirit, prioritizing complex lyricism and social commentary over popular appeal. These artists often choose to remain independent, believing that commercial pressures can dilute the core message of hip-hop.

Despite these debates, the rise of rap has undeniably enriched Vietnam's cultural landscape. It has provided a powerful new voice for the younger generation and has shown that a subculture can grow to redefine the mainstream. The journey of Vietnamese rap from hidden communities to television screens is a testament to the talent of its artists and the changing tastes of the nation.