Đề ôn thi Đề thi vào lớp 10 Trường THPT Chuyên KHXH môn Tiếng Anh - Mã đề KHXH-44

Wi-Fi is a technology that allows electronic devices to connect to a network, such as the internet, without using wires. It is a common feature in homes, offices, and public places like cafes and airports. Thanks to Wi-Fi, you (35) __________ connect to the internet using your smartphone, laptop, or tablet from anywhere within the signal's range. The main device responsible for this is the wireless router, which acts as the central hub for all wireless communication in a local area.

The router's job is to take the wired internet connection, which usually comes from a modem, and convert it into a wireless signal. It uses radio waves to (36) __________ this signal wirelessly through the air. These waves are similar to the ones used by radios and mobile phones, but they carry digital data instead of sound. The router continuously sends out this signal, creating an area known as a "Wi-Fi hotspot" where devices can connect.

Your devices, like a smartphone, have a built-in wireless adapter. This special component detects and receives the radio waves from the router. The adapter then translates these waves back into data that your device can understand, (37) __________ allows you to browse websites, stream videos, or play games. To join a specific network, you must usually select its name and (38) __________ a password to gain secure access.

The quality of a Wi-Fi connection depends on several factors. The closer you are to the router, the (39) __________ your connection will be. (40) __________ do physical barriers like thick walls and metal objects weaken the signal, but interference from other electronic devices, such as microwave ovens, can also cause problems. For the best performance, the router should be placed in a central, open location.

Wi-Fi has made internet access incredibly (41) __________, freeing us from the limitations of physical cables. (42) __________, Wi-Fi is a fundamental technology that translates a wired internet connection into wireless freedom for our many devices, making it an essential part of modern digital life.

For millions of Vietnamese teenagers, online accounts are more than just digital profiles; they are central hubs for social life, entertainment, and identity. Platforms like Facebook connect them with friends, while games from publishers like Garena offer worlds of competitive fun. However, this deep integration into daily life has a dark side. Cybersecurity experts are seeing a significant rise in cyberattacks specifically targeting these accounts, turning valuable personal assets into profitable opportunities for criminals.

But what makes a simple Facebook or Garena account so valuable to a hacker? The answer lies in what they contain. A compromised Facebook account is a powerful tool for fraud. Hackers can use it to scam the victim's friends and family, often by creating fake emergencies and asking for money. They can also sell access to the account itself or use it to promote malicious links. Similarly, Garena game accounts, especially high-level ones, often hold rare and expensive in-game items like character skins or powerful weapons. These virtual goods have a real-world cash value on illegal online black markets.

Cybercriminals use several common methods to steal login credentials. The most prevalent is 'phishing', where they create fake websites that look identical to the real Facebook or Garena login pages. Users are tricked into entering their username and password, which are then sent directly to the hacker. These scams are often spread through messages promising free game items or other unbelievable rewards. Vietnamese cybersecurity firm Bkav has repeatedly warned that such tactics are widespread in Vietnam, making many users vulnerable to these deceptive attacks.

Once hackers gain control, the consequences for the original owner can be devastating. Beyond the initial shock of being locked out of their own account, victims may face financial loss if their details are used for fraudulent purchases. There is also significant reputational damage, as hackers can post inappropriate content or send offensive messages to the victim's contacts. They impersonate the owner to exploit the trust of their social circle, causing emotional distress and damaging relationships.

Fortunately, protecting your accounts is not impossible. The most crucial step is to use strong, unique passwords for each of your accounts and to enable Two-Factor Authentication (2FA) wherever possible. 2FA adds an extra layer of security by requiring a second code, usually from your phone, to log in. Furthermore, it is essential to be skeptical of unsolicited messages and links, even if they appear to be from friends. Regularly updating your software and apps also helps patch security holes that hackers might exploit. These practices are fundamental to good digital hygiene.