Đề ôn thi Đề thi vào lớp 10 Trường THPT Chuyên KHXH môn Tiếng Anh - Mã đề KHXH-116

Often called Earth's 'twin', Venus is the second planet from the Sun and our closest planetary neighbor. This comparison exists because Venus and Earth are very similar in size, mass, and composition. For anyone looking from a great distance, it would be easy to mistake one for the other. Its physical properties are so similar (35) __________ Earth's that for many years, people imagined it might even host life.

(36) __________, a closer look reveals that Venus is dramatically different from our world. Its atmosphere is the most significant point of contrast. It is a thick, toxic blanket of gas that is about 96% carbon dioxide. This atmosphere is also extremely (37) __________, with a surface pressure more than 90 times greater than Earth's. The planet is permanently covered by clouds of sulfuric acid, which reflect sunlight and make Venus appear bright in our sky.

Beneath these clouds, the surface of Venus is a hostile, volcanic landscape. It is the hottest planet in our solar system, with an average surface temperature of about 465°C, which is hot enough to melt lead. The immense atmospheric pressure on the surface is equivalent to being 900 meters deep in Earth's ocean. This pressure would instantly (38) __________ any spacecraft that was not specially designed to withstand it.

The main reason for this extreme difference is Venus's runaway greenhouse (39) __________. The planet's dense atmosphere allows heat from the sun to pass through, (40) __________ then gets trapped at the surface. Unlike Earth, which has oceans and plant life to absorb carbon dioxide, Venus has no such process. This has led to a cycle where the planet gets hotter and hotter over billions of years.

In conclusion, while Venus shares some basic physical statistics with Earth, it is a very unwelcoming place. The extreme conditions make it incredibly challenging to study directly. For this reason, very (41) __________ missions have successfully landed and operated on its surface. Although it (42) __________ our 'twin' in some ways, Venus serves as a powerful reminder of how delicate and unique our own planet's environment truly is.

From our parents and older siblings to historical figures and modern-day celebrities, role models are all around us. They are individuals we look up to and wish to emulate. But in an age of constant information and endless choices, a key question arises for many teenagers: is having a specific role model truly necessary for personal growth and success? Or is it an outdated concept in our complex world?

The argument for having role models is strong. They can act as a guiding light, providing a clear blueprint for what is possible to achieve. When we see someone who has successfully navigated a path we are interested in, it gives us the motivation to pursue our own goals. A role model can make an ambitious dream feel more attainable, transforming a vague wish into a concrete plan. They show us the required discipline, resilience, and hard work, which can inspire us to push through our own difficulties and stay focused.

However, the idea of a single, perfect role model has its drawbacks. Placing someone on a pedestal can create unrealistic expectations and immense pressure to live up to an idealized image. We may feel disappointed when we discover our heroes are human and have flaws. Furthermore, inspiration is not limited to traditional fields like science or politics. In Vietnam, for instance, a creative figure like the singer Sơn Tùng M-TP has become a role model for many young people, not for academic achievements, but for his unique style and artistic ambition. This shows that valuable lessons can come from many different sources.

Perhaps a more modern and healthier approach is to not search for one perfect person to copy, but to build a personal 'board of advisors' in our minds. This means identifying specific, admirable qualities in a variety of people. You might admire a scientist's analytical mind, a K-pop star's dedication, and a family member's kindness. By drawing inspiration from these different sources, we can learn from them all without the pressure of trying to be a perfect copy of any single individual. This method allows for a more flexible and personalized path to self-development.

Ultimately, the goal is not to become a clone of someone else but to use the inspiration they provide to construct our own unique identity. Role models, whether one or many, are most useful when they serve as a starting point for our own journey of self-discovery. The true value lies not in imitation, but in the reflection and goal-setting that our admiration for others inspires within us.