Đề ôn thi Đề thi vào lớp 10 Trường THPT Chuyên KHXH môn Tiếng Anh - Mã đề KHXH-108

The Global Positioning System, or GPS, is a remarkable technology that many of us use every day without a second thought. It is a satellite-based navigation system that provides location and time information anywhere on or near the Earth. This system is made up of a network of satellites orbiting our planet and the GPS receivers in our devices, like smartphones or car navigation units. Its primary function is to help a receiver determine its exact position.

The first part of the system is the satellite network. There are more than twenty-four GPS satellites orbiting the Earth at a very high altitude. Signals (35) __________ constantly from these satellites down to the surface. Each signal travels at the speed of light and contains information about the satellite's position and the exact time the signal was transmitted. This timekeeping is incredibly accurate, thanks to the atomic clocks on board each satellite.

The second part is your GPS receiver. The receiver's main job is to listen for these signals. It needs to pick up signals from multiple satellites to work properly. The receiver, (36) __________ is often built into your phone, detects these signals and uses the information within them. The data contains (37) __________ timing information that is crucial for the next step of the process. It is a passive device, meaning it only receives signals and does not send them.

The calculation of your location is based on a principle called trilateration. To calculate a 2D position, which includes latitude and longitude, signals from at least (38) __________ satellites are needed. The receiver measures the time it takes for a signal to travel (39) __________ a satellite to the device. (40) __________, for a more accurate 3D position that includes altitude, a fourth satellite is required. This information helps to calculate the (41) __________ to each satellite, which is a key part of finding your location.

Once the receiver has the distances from four or more satellites, it can calculate its exact position in a fraction of a second. This location is then shown on your device's map application. The entire process is continuous, allowing for real-time tracking of your movement. (42) __________ person with a modern smartphone can benefit from this amazing technology, whether for finding a new restaurant or navigating through an unfamiliar city.

For many teenagers in Vietnam, the world of online gaming is a thrilling escape, but it's often viewed by parents as a waste of time. However, this perspective is rapidly becoming outdated. The global e-sports industry, a field where Vietnamese teams sponsored by giants like VNG Corporation are making their mark, is proving that gaming is more than just a hobby. Beyond the potential to become a professional player, the hours spent in complex games like 'League of Legends' or 'Valorant' cultivate a surprising range of skills that are highly valued in the modern professional world.

The most obvious of these are 'soft skills.' In team-based games, success is impossible without constant communication, collaboration, and strategic planning. A team leader in a game must manage different personalities, assign roles based on strengths, and motivate their squad towards a common objective—much like a project manager in a company. These abilities are transferable, meaning the teamwork and leadership you demonstrate in a virtual arena can be directly applied to a real-world office environment. Effectively coordinating a five-person raid is not so different from leading a small project team.

Beyond teamwork, gaming sharpens critical cognitive abilities. Top-level players are masters of rapid decision-making under immense pressure. They constantly analyze vast amounts of information—enemy positions, resource levels, and ability cooldowns—to make split-second choices that determine victory or defeat. These cognitive abilities, such as analytical thinking and problem-solving, are in high demand. Many companies, especially in the tech and data analytics sectors, seek candidates who can think on their feet and solve complex problems efficiently. When gamers practice these skills for hours, they are essentially training their brains for some of today's most challenging jobs.

The key challenge for young gamers is learning how to articulate these skills to potential employers. Simply writing "Good at video games" on a C.V. is not effective. Instead, you need to translate your experience into professional language. For example, instead of saying you lead a clan in a game, you can state, "Developed leadership and strategic planning skills by coordinating a team of 15+ members in a competitive setting to achieve top rankings." This reframes your hobby as valuable experience, demonstrating self-awareness and maturity.

Therefore, while not every gamer will become a sponsored e-sports star, the skills acquired are far from useless. The perception of gaming is shifting from a mindless pastime to a legitimate training ground for essential 21st-century competencies. By understanding and describing these hidden talents, young people can leverage their passion for gaming into a significant advantage for their future careers.