Đề ôn thi Đề thi vào lớp 10 Trường THPT Chuyên KHTN môn Tiếng Anh - Mã đề KHTN-68

Growing up, I often sat with my grandparents, listening to them share stories in a language I couldn't understand. Their animated gestures and the melodies in their voices were captivating, but I always felt a sense of disconnect, longing to grasp the full meaning behind their words. (23) __________. (24) __________

Dealing with the huge amounts of trash we produce is a major global challenge. In the past, most of this waste simply (25) __________ to landfills. However, many cities are now turning to a modern solution called 'waste-to-energy'. In these special plants, trash is not just thrown away; it (26) __________ to produce electricity.

The process is quite clever. First, the collected garbage is burned in a large furnace, which generates an enormous amount of heat. This heat is then used to boil water and create high-pressure steam. (27) __________, the steam is directed towards a giant fan called a turbine, making it spin rapidly. The spinning turbine powers a generator, an amazing machine (28) __________ can convert motion into electrical energy. This method doesn't just (29) __________ electricity; it also significantly reduces the volume of waste that needs to be buried. It’s an innovative way to (30) __________ two problems at once: waste management and energy needs.

In recent years, global travel has been transformed by low-cost carriers, also known as budget airlines. These companies have made flying more accessible by focusing on a "no-frills" model. This means they offer very basic services, stripping away extras like free meals to keep the initial ticket price as low as possible. The goal is simple: get you from one place to another safely and cheaply.

This trend is very noticeable in Vietnam. Airlines like Vietjet Air have created a boom in domestic and regional tourism, especially among young people and families. Suddenly, weekend trips to cities like Da Nang or beach holidays in Phu Quoc are much more affordable. This has opened up new travel opportunities for a generation that previously found flying too expensive for regular vacations.

But how do these airlines profit with such low fares? The secret is charging extra for things traditional airlines often include. This includes fees for checked baggage, choosing your seat, and even printing a boarding pass at the airport. Furthermore, to save on costs, some budget carriers use smaller, less convenient airports located further from the city center.

Ultimately, budget airlines are a fantastic tool for seeing the world, but they require you to be a savvy consumer. The advertised price is just the starting point. To avoid surprises, it's crucial to read all the rules, pack light to avoid baggage fees, and compare the total cost—not just the ticket price—before you decide. Smart planning is key to benefiting from this travel revolution.

Have you ever noticed that your smartphone starts to slow down just as a new model is released? This isn't a coincidence; it's a business strategy called 'planned obsolescence'. (37) __________. Companies intentionally make their gadgets less durable (38) __________.

One common method involves using components that are known to fail after a certain period. (39) __________. For example, sealing batteries into phones makes replacement almost impossible for the average user. This strategy not only costs consumers money but also has serious environmental consequences, (40) __________. As consumers, being aware of this practice is the first step toward making more sustainable choices.

A. so that consumers are forced to buy new ones more frequently

B. contributing to a growing mountain of electronic waste, or 'e-waste'

C. Another strategy is making repairs difficult or more expensive than buying a new device

D. This is the practice of designing products with a limited lifespan