Đề ôn thi Đề thi vào lớp 10 Hải Phòng môn Tiếng Anh - Mã đề HPG-60

Hydroelectric power is a significant source of renewable energy, generating electricity without burning fossil fuels. The process starts with a dam, which holds back a large river to form a reservoir. This stored water has huge potential energy. When electricity is needed, gates in the dam open and the water flows through a pipe called a penstock. The main (29) __________ of this process is clean energy, but building a dam can also harm local ecosystems.

As the water rushes downwards, it turns the blades of a giant turbine. This turbine is connected (30) __________ a generator. The spinning motion of the turbine makes the generator rotate, converting mechanical energy into electrical energy. (31) __________, the electricity is sent through power lines to homes and businesses. The entire system is quite efficient, and (32) __________ hydroelectric plants can produce a massive amount of power. Engineers have to (33) __________ complex challenges like water pressure and environmental impact when designing a dam. If we (34) __________ more on renewable sources like hydropower, we would reduce our carbon footprint significantly.

Glossophobia, or the fear of public speaking, is a surprisingly common challenge. Many people, from students to professionals, feel nervous about presenting in front of others. In Vietnam, while written exams have been the traditional focus, modern schools and youth activities are now placing a greater emphasis on presentation skills. This shift means that learning to speak confidently is no longer just a bonus—it's becoming a necessary skill for academic success.

So, why do we feel so nervous? The fear often comes from a few key sources. We worry about being judged by our classmates or teachers, we are afraid of making a mistake, or we simply lack experience. This can make us feel anxious and may even cause us to avoid speaking opportunities altogether. Understanding these root causes is the first step toward managing the fear.

Fortunately, anyone can improve their public speaking with practice. Experts suggest two types of strategies. First, there are mental preparation strategies, such as knowing your topic very well and focusing on your core message rather than your fear. Second, there are physical techniques you can use. These include practicing deep breathing to calm your body, making eye contact with friendly faces in the audience, and using simple hand gestures. Improvement is a gradual process, so be patient with yourself.

Overcoming the fear of speaking is not about eliminating nervousness completely, but about learning to manage it. Every presentation you give is a chance to practice and build your confidence. As your skills grow, you will not only perform better in school projects but also develop into a more effective student and future leader. The confidence you gain will be valuable for the rest of your life.