Đề ôn thiĐề thi vào lớp 10 Hà Nội môn Tiếng Anh- Mã đề HN-163

The Sounds of Our Heritage: Traditional Vietnamese Music

Vietnam boasts a rich tapestry of traditional music, with each region having its own unique styles and instruments. One popular genre is Nhã Nhạc, often enjoyed by (21) __________ during special occasions and festivals. It features elegant melodies played on instruments like the đàn tranh (zither) and đàn bầu (monochord), (22) __________ to create a serene and contemplative atmosphere. Another beloved form is Quan Họ, originating from the north. This genre involves alternating verses sung by men and women, often (23) __________ expressing love and longing through poetic lyrics.

Experiencing traditional Vietnamese music offers (24) __________ glimpse into the country's cultural heritage. (25) __________ to the music can evoke a sense of nostalgia and belonging, connecting listeners to their roots. Furthermore, these musical traditions are actively being preserved and passed down through generations, ensuring their continued existence. Young people are encouraged (26) __________ these art forms, either by learning to play traditional instruments or participating in ensembles.

While playing cards might seem like a common pastime today, their history stretches back centuries, with roots in various cultures. One fascinating aspect of this history is the evolution of the standard 52-card deck, a structure widely recognized today.

Initially, playing cards varied significantly in design and number across different regions. Early decks in China featured suits based on coins, strings of coins, myriads, and tens of myriads. Meanwhile, Mamluk playing cards, originating from Egypt, utilized suits of cups, coins, swords, and polo sticks. These early decks often had different numbers of cards and lacked the familiar ranks found in modern decks.

The transition to the 52-card deck, with its four suits of hearts, diamonds, clubs, and spades, is believed to have originated in Europe around the 15th century. This shift likely occurred due to the influence of the Latin suits used in Tarot decks, which were gaining popularity at the time. The French, in particular, played a crucial role in standardizing the 52-card deck and popularizing the suits used today.

Over time, the 52-card deck spread throughout Europe and eventually the world, becoming the dominant format for card games. This evolution reflects the interconnectedness of cultures and the ways in which ideas and practices can evolve and adapt as they move across geographical boundaries.

The majestic castles scattered across the British Isles are more than just impressive structures. (37) __________, they stand as proud testaments to the country's rich history, reflecting the power struggles, cultural shifts, and evolving architectural styles over centuries.

Take, for instance, the imposing castles built during the Norman Conquest. (38) __________. These fortresses, often strategically placed on hills or near rivers, were designed to intimidate and subdue the local population, signifying the Normans' dominance and authority over their newly conquered lands.

(39) __________. Windsor Castle, a magnificent example of a medieval fortress later transformed into a royal palace, exemplifies this evolution. Its imposing walls and defensive structures speak to its initial military purpose, while its later additions, like the opulent State Apartments, reflect its transformation into a symbol of royal power and prestige.

Over time, the function of castles shifted from primarily defensive structures to symbols of status and wealth. (40) __________, with elaborate gardens, grand halls, and luxurious living quarters replacing the austere functionality of earlier fortifications.

A. These imposing structures served as symbols of Norman power and control.

B. Architectural styles evolved to reflect this change

C. More than mere bricks and mortar

D. Many castles underwent significant transformations over the centuries.