Đề ôn thiĐề thi vào lớp 10 Hà Nội môn Tiếng Anh- Mã đề HN-130

Understanding Flight

Many people wonder how airplanes, which are (21) __________ heavy machines, manage to fly. The answer lies in a combination of forces and design. (22) __________ an airplane requires understanding lift, which is the force that opposes gravity and pushes the plane upwards. This lift is generated by the wings' special shape, called an airfoil.

The airfoil causes the air moving over the top of the wing to travel faster than the air underneath. This difference in airspeed creates (23) __________ in air pressure, with lower pressure above the wing and higher pressure below. This pressure difference creates the lift that (24) __________ the airplane to fly. However, lift alone is not enough; the plane also needs thrust to move forward. This is provided by the engines, which (25) __________ can be jet engines or propellers. (26) __________, understanding how airplanes fly involves understanding the interplay of lift, thrust, drag (air resistance), and weight.

Electric cars are becoming increasingly popular as a more environmentally friendly alternative to traditional gasoline-powered vehicles. One of their biggest advantages is their contribution to reducing air pollution. Unlike gasoline cars that emit harmful pollutants, electric cars produce zero tailpipe emissions, leading to cleaner air and a healthier environment, especially in urban areas.

However, challenges remain before electric cars become mainstream. One major hurdle is the limited driving range compared to gasoline cars. Most electric cars can only travel a few hundred kilometers on a single charge, leading to range anxiety among potential buyers. This limitation also necessitates a widespread and efficient charging infrastructure, which is currently lacking in many regions.

Another challenge is the cost. Electric cars generally have a higher upfront cost than comparable gasoline cars, although government incentives and long-term fuel savings can offset this difference. Furthermore, battery technology, a key component of electric cars, is still under development, and advancements are needed to improve range and reduce costs.

Despite these challenges, the future of electric cars appears bright. As technology continues to advance and production costs decrease, electric cars are likely to become more affordable and practical for the average consumer. With increasing awareness of environmental concerns and government initiatives promoting clean energy, the adoption of electric vehicles is expected to accelerate in the coming years.

Modern life, particularly in urban areas, can be incredibly stressful. Many people find themselves seeking ways to escape the constant noise and demands of city life. (37) __________ is becoming increasingly popular as a way to find peace, reconnect with nature, and recharge.

Rural retreats offer a variety of experiences, from cozy cabins nestled in forests to rustic farm stays where visitors can participate in daily chores. (38) __________. Activities like hiking, fishing, and simply enjoying the fresh air and quiet surroundings are central to the rural retreat experience.

The benefits of spending time in nature are well-documented. Studies have shown that being in nature can reduce stress hormones, lower blood pressure, and improve mood. (39) __________, providing a much-needed break from the constant stimulation of technology.

Whether it's a weekend getaway or a longer escape, rural retreats offer something for everyone. (40) __________ to experience the peace and tranquility that nature has to offer.

A. The emphasis is on simplicity and connecting with the natural world.

B. More and more people are escaping the city

C. Seeking out rural retreats

D. They also offer a chance to disconnect from the digital world