Đề ôn thi Đề thi tốt nghiệp THPT môn Tiếng Anh - Mã đề THPT-96

5G technology represents a monumental leap in wireless communication, promising to revolutionize the way we live, work, and play. (18) __________, 5 (19) __________. With download speeds potentially reaching up to 20 gigabits per second, 5G is set to enable seamless streaming of high-definition videos, rapid file sharing, and lag-free online gaming experiences.

Beyond its impact on consumer entertainment, 5G's enhanced capabilities unlock a world of possibilities in various sectors. The significantly reduced latency, potentially as low as one millisecond, paves the way for real-time applications in areas like remote surgery, autonomous driving, and industrial automation. (20) __________, performing delicate procedures with unparalleled precision, all thanks to the near-instantaneous communication enabled by 5G.

Moreover, 5G's increased network capacity facilitates the connection of a massive number of devices simultaneously, a concept known as the Internet of Things (IoT). (21) __________, will generate and share data on an unprecedented scale. This data deluge will fuel advancements in artificial intelligence, data analytics, and machine learning, leading to smarter cities, more efficient industries, and personalized user experiences.

(22) __________. While challenges remain, such as infrastructure development and ensuring equitable access, the potential benefits of 5G technology are undeniable. From revolutionizing entertainment to empowering cutting-edge innovations, 5G is set to usher in a new era of interconnectedness, reshaping our world in ways we are only beginning to imagine.

The science of vaccinations is remarkable, utilizing the body's natural defenses to protect against infectious diseases. This ingenious approach involves introducing a weakened or inactive form of a pathogen, like a virus or bacteria, into the body. This triggers an immune response, prompting the body to produce antibodies specifically designed to fight off that particular pathogen. The initial exposure, though carefully controlled, essentially "teaches" the immune system how to recognize and combat the real threat in the future.

Vaccines work by mimicking a natural infection without causing the actual illness. When a vaccinated person encounters the real pathogen later, their immune system is primed and ready to respond swiftly and effectively. This rapid response effectively neutralizes the pathogen before it can establish a foothold and cause disease. The beauty of this process lies in its ability to confer long-lasting immunity, often for years or even a lifetime.

The impact of vaccines on global health cannot be overstated. Vaccines have played a pivotal role in dramatically reducing the incidence of devastating diseases like polio, measles, and smallpox. For instance, the World Health Organization estimates that smallpox vaccination prevented over 2 million deaths annually before the disease was eradicated in 1980. This success story underscores the power of vaccination in safeguarding public health.

Moreover, the benefits of widespread vaccination extend beyond individual protection. When a significant portion of a population is immunized, it creates a phenomenon known as herd immunity. This collective shield helps to protect even those who are not vaccinated, such as infants, pregnant women, or individuals with weakened immune systems. By reducing the number of susceptible individuals, herd immunity disrupts the chain of transmission and makes it difficult for the disease to spread.

Deforestation, the clearing of forests for other land uses, has a devastating impact on ecosystems worldwide. [I] The loss of trees disrupts the delicate balance of nature, setting off a chain reaction that affects everything from local weather patterns to global climate change. [II] Agricultural expansion, logging, and mining often strip away vast tracts of forest, leaving behind barren landscapes vulnerable to erosion and desertification. [III] The Amazon rainforest, for example, has lost an estimated 17% of its forest cover in the last 50 years, largely due to cattle ranching and soy production. [IV]

The loss of biodiversity is one of the most significant consequences of deforestation. Forests are home to an estimated 80% of terrestrial biodiversity, and their removal leads to habitat loss and extinction. This dramatic decline in species richness weakens the resilience of ecosystems, making them more susceptible to disease and invasive species. When keystone species, organisms that play a crucial role in maintaining the structure of an ecosystem, are lost, the entire system can collapse. For instance, the orangutan, a critically endangered species found in the rainforests of Borneo and Sumatra, is threatened by deforestation due to palm oil plantations. Their disappearance would have cascading effects on the forest ecosystem, impacting seed dispersal and forest regeneration.

Deforestation also contributes significantly to climate change. Trees absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, acting as natural carbon sinks. When forests are destroyed, this stored carbon is released back into the atmosphere, exacerbating the greenhouse-gas effect and contributing to global warming. Furthermore, deforestation disrupts the water cycle, leading to altered rainfall patterns and increased risk of droughts and floods. The loss of tree cover also reduces the earth's ability to reflect sunlight, leading to a warming effect known as albedo change.

The impact of deforestation extends beyond ecological concerns. It also has social and economic consequences, particularly for indigenous communities who depend on forests for their livelihoods and cultural heritage. Deforestation can lead to displacement, loss of traditional knowledge, and increased poverty. Addressing the complex issue of deforestation requires a multi-faceted approach that involves sustainable forest management practices, reforestation efforts, and international cooperation to reduce demand for products that drive deforestation.