Đề ôn thi Đề thi tốt nghiệp THPT môn Tiếng Anh - Mã đề THPT-76

The Trans-Siberian Railway, (18) __________, is a testament to human ambition and engineering prowess. (19) __________. A journey on the Trans-Siberian isn't merely about reaching a destination; it's about experiencing the heart of Russia.

Passengers are treated to an ever-changing panorama of landscapes: from the rolling hills and quaint villages of European Russia to the dense forests and shimmering lakes of Siberia, and finally, the dramatic slopes and peaks of the Ural Mountains. The sheer scale of the journey, (20) __________, provides ample time for reflection and observation.

Along the way, the railway carries travelers through cities steeped in history and culture. Yekaterinburg, a bustling metropolis nestled at the foot of the Ural Mountains, offers a glimpse into Russia's industrial heartland. Irkutsk, known as the "Paris of Siberia," enchants with its charming wooden architecture and proximity to the breathtaking Lake Baikal, (21) __________.

(22) __________. The rhythmic clatter of the train, the ever-shifting scenery outside the window, and the diverse tapestry of fellow passengers create a unique atmosphere of adventure and discovery. It's a journey that stays with you long after you disembark, leaving an imprint on your memory as indelible as the tracks themselves etched across the Russian landscape.

The evolution of personal computing has been remarkable, transforming from room-sized machines accessible only to a select few to ubiquitous devices used by billions worldwide. The journey began in the 1940s with massive computers like the Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer (ENIAC), which occupied 1,800 square feet and weighed 30 tons. These early computers, primarily used for scientific and military purposes, were a far cry from the compact and versatile devices we know today.

The invention of the transistor in 1947 and the integrated circuit in 1958 paved the way for smaller, more affordable computers. These advancements led to the development of minicomputers in the 1960s, which, while still large and expensive, were significantly more accessible than their predecessors. This era also saw the emergence of the first personal computers, like the Kenbak-1 (1971) and the Xerox Alto (1973), though they were primarily used by hobbyists and researchers due to their high cost.

The late 1970s and 1980s marked a turning point with the arrival of mass-produced personal computers like the Apple II (1977) and the IBM PC (1981). These machines, significantly more affordable and user-friendly, brought computing power to homes and businesses. This era also witnessed the birth of iconic software like the first spreadsheet program, VisiCalc (1979), and the first commercially successful operating system, Microsoft Windows (1985).

Since then, personal computing has become increasingly mobile and interconnected. Laptops, smartphones, and tablets have become ubiquitous, offering unprecedented levels of portability and connectivity. The development of the internet and the World Wide Web in the 1990s further revolutionized personal computing, transforming how we communicate, access information, and interact with the world around us.

[I] Storytelling, a fundamental aspect of human communication, has evolved dramatically across millennia. [II] From ancient campfire tales passed down through generations to the sophisticated narratives of modern cinema, the core purpose - to entertain, educate, and transmit cultural values - has remained constant. [III] These narratives, often embellished and adapted with each retelling, offered a dynamic and engaging way to pass along knowledge and connect communities. [IV]

The invention of writing marked a pivotal moment in the history of storytelling. This development allowed for the preservation of stories in a fixed form, reducing the reliance on memory and ensuring greater accuracy in transmission. This shift facilitated the wider dissemination of narratives, transcending geographical boundaries and temporal limitations. Written texts, from epic poems like the Epic of Gilgamesh to religious scriptures like the Bible, became powerful tools for shaping cultural identities and influencing societal development.

The advent of the printing press in the 15th century further revolutionized storytelling, making narratives accessible to a much wider audience. The mass production of books democratized knowledge and fueled the growth of literacy, contributing to a burgeoning literary landscape. This era saw the rise of the novel, a complex and nuanced form of storytelling that explored the intricacies of human experience. With readily available hard-cover books, individuals could engage with stories on a personal level, fostering introspection and critical thinking.

Modern media, with its diverse platforms, has ushered in a new era of storytelling. Film, television, video games, and the internet have amplified the reach and impact of narratives, blurring the lines between fiction and reality. Interactive storytelling, facilitated by digital technologies, empowers audiences to actively participate in the narrative process, shaping the course of the story and influencing its outcome. While the mediums have evolved, the fundamental human desire to connect with stories, to find meaning and understanding through shared experiences, continues to drive the art of storytelling forward.