Đề ôn thi Đề thi tốt nghiệp THPT môn Tiếng Anh - Mã đề THPT-59

(18) __________. Driven by the ambitious goal of colonizing Mars, the company has disrupted the traditional landscape of space travel, challenging the dominance of government agencies like NASA. (19) __________, SpaceX has achieved significant milestones, including becoming the first private company to launch a spacecraft into orbit and successfully return it to Earth.

One of SpaceX's most notable achievements is the development of the Falcon 9, a reusable, two-stage rocket designed to transport both crew and cargo to Earth's orbit and beyond. (20) __________, has dramatically reduced the cost of space travel, making it more accessible for both commercial and scientific endeavors. This breakthrough has opened up new possibilities for satellite deployment, scientific research, and even space tourism.

Beyond the Falcon 9, SpaceX is developing Starship, a fully reusable spacecraft system designed for interplanetary travel. (21) __________, represents a giant leap forward in space exploration. Starship's development is ongoing, with several test flights already conducted, showcasing SpaceX's commitment to pushing the boundaries of what's possible in space travel.

(22) __________. By challenging conventional thinking and investing heavily in cutting-edge technology, SpaceX continues to reshape our understanding of space travel and its potential impact on humanity's future.

The idea that bilingualism enhances cognitive development is compelling. Children who grow up speaking two languages develop a unique skillset in managing those languages within their brains. This constant juggling act strengthens their cognitive "muscles," similar to how physical exercise strengthens the body. Researchers have identified various cognitive benefits associated with bilingualism, including improved attention span, problem-solving abilities, and even a delay in the onset of age-related cognitive decline.

One key area where bilingualism demonstrates its impact is in executive functions. These are higher-level cognitive processes that control and manage other brain functions, such as planning, working memory, and inhibiting impulsive responses. For example, a bilingual child learning to speak might need to suppress one language while using the other. This constant practice in selecting and inhibiting languages strengthens their inhibitory control, a crucial aspect of executive function.

Studies have shown that bilingual children often outperform their monolingual peers in tasks requiring inhibitory control, such as the Stroop test. In this test, participants are presented with a word, like "blue," printed in a different color, like red, and asked to name the color of the ink. Bilinguals typically demonstrate faster and more accurate responses, indicating their enhanced ability to inhibit the automatic response of reading the word and focus on the task-relevant information.

The cognitive benefits of bilingualism extend beyond childhood, making it a valuable asset throughout life. While learning a second language at any age offers cognitive stimulation, early bilingualism, particularly during childhood when the brain is most plastic, appears to have the most profound and lasting effects. These findings highlight the remarkable impact of language learning on shaping the brain and underscore the importance of promoting bilingualism in our increasingly interconnected world.

Ecosystem services are the myriad of benefits that humans derive from the natural environment. [I] These services are essential for human well-being and encompass a wide range of processes, from the provision of clean air and water to the regulation of climate and pollination of crops. [II] Human activities, however, often impinge on these natural systems, disrupting their delicate balance and jeopardizing the long-term availability of these vital services. [III] For example, deforestation can lead to decreased water quality, soil erosion, and loss of biodiversity, all of which impact essential ecosystem services. [IV]

The overexploitation of natural resources is a major driver of ecosystem degradation. This unsustainable practice, driven by increasing human demands for food, timber, and other resources, puts immense pressure on ecosystems. It can lead to habitat loss, species extinction, and the depletion of vital resources like fish stocks and fertile topsoil. Unsustainable agricultural practices, such as excessive use of fertilizers and pesticides, also contribute to the degradation of these essential natural systems by polluting water sources and harming beneficial insects.

Addressing the challenge of maintaining ecosystem services while meeting human needs requires a multi-faceted approach. Sustainable practices, such as responsible forestry, agriculture, and fishing, are essential for ensuring the long-term health of ecosystems. This includes implementing strategies to minimize waste, reduce pollution, and conserve biodiversity. For example, promoting sustainable agriculture through crop rotation, integrated pest management, and reduced reliance on synthetic fertilizers can help protect soil health and water quality, thus safeguarding the ecosystem services they provide.

Furthermore, recognizing and valuing the economic benefits of ecosystem services is crucial for promoting sustainable decision-making. By incorporating the economic value of clean air, clean water, and other ecosystem services into policy decisions, governments and businesses can make more informed choices that balance economic development with environmental protection. Implementing policies that incentivize sustainable practices, such as carbon pricing and payments for ecosystem services, can further encourage the adoption of environmentally friendly approaches and ensure the continued provision of these vital benefits for future generations.