Đề ôn thi Đề thi tốt nghiệp THPT môn Tiếng Anh - Mã đề THPT-55

(18) __________. Founded in 1994 by Jeff Bezos, the company began humbly as an online bookstore. Today, its digital shelves overflow with millions of products, from apparel and electronics to groceries and streaming services. This vast selection, coupled with competitive pricing and convenient delivery options, has propelled Amazon to become (19) __________, exceeding $469 billion in 2021.

Beyond its retail dominance, Amazon has strategically expanded into diverse sectors, solidifying its position as a technological powerhouse. (20) __________, has become a cornerstone of the internet, providing infrastructure for countless businesses and organizations. Additionally, Amazon has ventured into hardware development with its Kindle e-readers and Echo smart speakers, further integrating technology into consumers' daily lives.

Amazon's success is often attributed to its relentless focus on customer experience and innovation. The company continuously refines its logistics network, pioneering drone delivery and expanding its network of fulfillment centers. This relentless drive for efficiency enables Amazon to deliver (21) __________ in some areas. Such customer-centric strategies have fostered a loyal customer base and driven substantial growth for the company.

However, Amazon's dominance has not come without criticism. (22) __________. These issues have sparked debates about ethical consumerism and the role of government regulation in the digital age, highlighting the complex implications of such a powerful entity on society and the economy.

CRISPR technology, which allows scientists to precisely edit DNA sequences, has emerged as a revolutionary tool in genetic engineering. Imagine correcting genetic defects that cause diseases like cystic fibrosis or sickle cell anemia, much like editing a misspelled word in a document. CRISPR makes this potential a tangible reality. Discovered in bacteria as a defense mechanism against viruses, this system has been adapted for use in various organisms, including humans, opening up a world of possibilities in medicine, agriculture, and beyond.

One of the most promising applications of CRISPR lies in the realm of gene therapy. It offers the potential to cure currently incurable genetic disorders by targeting and correcting the faulty genes responsible for these conditions. For instance, in 2019, researchers successfully used CRISPR to treat a patient with sickle cell disease, raising hopes for millions affected by this debilitating blood disorder. Beyond treating inherited diseases, CRISPR could also be employed to enhance disease resistance in crops, develop new biofuels, and even revive extinct species.

However, the immense power of CRISPR comes with its own set of ethical concerns and potential risks. The possibility of unintended mutations, often referred to as "off-target" effects, is a significant concern. These unintended edits could have unforeseen consequences for the organism's health and could even be passed down to future generations, raising concerns about genetic alterations with unpredictable long-term effects.

Furthermore, the prospect of using CRISPR for genetic enhancement, such as selecting for desirable traits in humans, raises profound ethical questions about designer babies and the very definition of what it means to be human. As with any powerful technology, careful consideration of the ethical implications and potential risks is crucial to ensure that CRISPR is used responsibly for the benefit of humanity and the environment.

Citizenship, more than just a legal status, embodies the complex relationship between an individual and their state. [I] Active citizenship, where individuals don't just passively benefit but actively contribute to society, is crucial for a thriving democracy. [II] This might involve standing up for social justice, participating in local governance, or simply being informed about political issues and exercising the right to vote. [III] In an interconnected world, understanding the nuances of citizenship is paramount for promoting peaceful coexistence and fostering progress. [IV]

This interconnectedness also extends to the global stage. National citizenship, with its associated rights and duties, forms the foundation for global citizenship. This broader concept encourages individuals to recognize their shared humanity and to engage with global issues like climate change, poverty, and human rights. It emphasizes the importance of cross-cultural understanding and cooperation to address these challenges collectively. While national citizenship provides a legal framework for belonging, global citizenship fosters a sense of responsibility towards the wider world.

Promoting responsible citizenship often requires a multi-faceted approach, including education, community engagement, and access to information. Educational systems play a vital role in instilling civic values and knowledge, teaching young people about their rights and responsibilities, and encouraging critical thinking about societal issues. Community involvement, through volunteering or participating in local initiatives, provides practical experience in active citizenship and fosters a stronger sense of community belonging. Finally, access to accurate and unbiased information is essential for informed decision-making and engaging in constructive dialogue about important issues.

In conclusion, citizenship is a dynamic and evolving concept that is essential for a healthy and functioning society. It represents a social contract between individuals and their state, encompassing both rights and responsibilities. By fostering active and responsible citizenship, societies can empower individuals to contribute meaningfully to their communities, promote social progress, and address the complex challenges facing the world today.