Đề ôn thi Đề thi tốt nghiệp THPT môn Tiếng Anh - Mã đề THPT-172

Elon Musk is a name synonymous with innovation and ambition. (18) __________ with the creation and sale of his first computer game at just twelve years old. (19) __________, leading companies like Tesla and SpaceX to redefine possibilities in renewable energy and space exploration, respectively.

Musk's success can be attributed not only to his sharp business acumen but also to his unique ability to identify and capitalize on emerging trends. (20) __________, a company Musk joined in its early stages and has since grown into a global leader in electric car manufacturing. His vision, however, extends far beyond Earth's atmosphere. SpaceX, founded by Musk in 2002, aims to revolutionize space travel, making it more affordable and accessible with the ultimate goal of enabling human life on Mars.

Musk's ambition, however, is not without its critics. (21) __________, leading to missed deadlines and unmet promises. Yet, even his detractors acknowledge his undeniable impact on industries long considered stagnant. His ventures have sparked widespread innovation and investment in renewable energy, space exploration, and artificial intelligence, pushing the boundaries of what was previously thought possible.

(22) __________, can indeed change the world. While the future of his ventures remains to be seen, one thing is certain: Elon Musk will continue to be a force to be reckoned with, shaping the technological landscape for years to come.

Oil spills are a devastating form of pollution, causing widespread damage to marine ecosystems and coastal communities. The infamous Exxon Valdez spill in 1989, which released approximately 11 million gallons of crude oil into Alaska's Prince William Sound, provides a stark example of the immediate and long-term consequences of such events. This disaster killed hundreds of thousands of seabirds, otters, seals, and other wildlife, while also decimating fisheries and impacting the livelihoods of local communities for years to come.

The damage inflicted by an oil spill extends far beyond the initial impact. The thick, viscous oil can suffocate marine life, coating the gills of fish and the feathers of birds, hindering their ability to breathe, fly, or regulate body temperature. This, in turn, disrupts entire food webs, as predator-prey relationships are thrown off balance. Coastal habitats like salt marshes and mangroves, crucial nurseries for numerous marine species, can be particularly vulnerable, with oil contaminating sediments and hindering plant growth.

The economic fallout from oil spills can be equally severe. Tourism industries reliant on pristine beaches and thriving marine life often experience sharp declines. Cleaning and remediation efforts are costly and time-consuming, requiring extensive manpower and specialized equipment. Furthermore, legal battles for compensation and accountability can drag on for years, leaving affected communities grappling with the long-term consequences.

Despite advancements in oil spill response technologies, preventing these incidents remains paramount. Strengthening safety regulations for oil tankers and pipelines, investing in alternative energy sources, and promoting environmental awareness are crucial steps towards mitigating the risks and safeguarding our oceans and coastal environments.

Environmental regulation is a critical function of government, aiming to protect natural resources and public health. [I] Governments step in to manage pollution, conserve biodiversity, and mitigate the impacts of climate change, among other environmental challenges. [II] These interventions can take various forms, from establishing emissions standards for vehicles and factories to creating protected areas for endangered species. [III] Without government oversight, there is a risk of environmental degradation that could jeopardize the well-being of both current and future generations. [IV]

The Clean Air Act, mentioned above, is a prime example of successful environmental policy. It mandates the setting of National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) for six common air pollutants, including ozone and particulate matter. These standards are regularly reviewed and updated based on scientific evidence, ensuring that they reflect the latest understanding of air pollution's health effects. The Act also empowers the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to enforce these standards, holding polluters accountable and incentivizing cleaner technologies.

Addressing climate change, arguably the most complex environmental challenge facing humanity, requires coordinated long-term strategies from governments worldwide. This includes investing in renewable energy sources, promoting energy efficiency, and developing carbon capture and storage technologies. International agreements, such as the Paris Agreement, play a vital role in setting global targets and fostering cooperation. Governments also have a crucial role to play in adapting to the unavoidable impacts of climate change, such as rising sea levels and more frequent extreme weather events. This involves investing in infrastructure resilience and developing strategies to protect vulnerable populations.

Ultimately, the role of government in environmental regulation is a balancing act. Governments must find ways to protect the environment while also supporting economic growth and social well-being. This requires careful consideration of the costs and benefits of different policies, as well as ongoing engagement with stakeholders, including businesses, communities, and scientists. Effective environmental regulation is essential for creating a sustainable future where both the environment and human society can thrive.