Đề ôn thi Đề thi tốt nghiệp THPT môn Tiếng Anh - Mã đề THPT-168

Tokyo, a city (18) __________, offers a captivating glimpse into Japan's intriguing juxtaposition of tradition and modernity. (19) __________, their serene gardens offering respite from the bustling metropolis. This harmonious coexistence is not merely visual; it permeates the very fabric of Tokyo life.

The city's cultural landscape reflects this unique blend. Traditional tea ceremonies, (20) __________, are meticulously performed in tranquil tea houses, while bustling arcades like Akihabara buzz with the latest in gaming and anime culture. This vibrant clash of old and new attracts millions of tourists annually - in 2019 alone, Tokyo welcomed over 14 million international visitors eager to experience its dynamic energy.

Beyond the tourist attractions, daily life in Tokyo reveals a fascinating interplay of tradition and modernity. Salarymen in impeccably tailored suits commute on the world's busiest subway system, (21) __________ while elderly women in elegant kimonos gracefully navigate the same crowded platforms. This seamless integration of past and present is a testament to Japan's ability to embrace innovation without abandoning its cultural heritage.

(22) __________. It is a city where ancient rituals and cutting-edge technology coexist, where history informs the present, and where the future is embraced with open arms.

Human migration, the movement of people from one place to another, is a constant feature of human history. From the earliest hunter-gatherers following herds of animals to modern-day individuals seeking better opportunities, people have always been on the move. These movements, whether voluntary or forced, have shaped societies, cultures, and the demographics of the world we live in today.

One of the most significant migration patterns in recent history has been the rise of urbanization. As of 2020, over half of the world's population resided in urban areas, a number that is projected to continue to rise. This trend is driven by a multitude of factors, including job opportunities, access to education and healthcare, and a desire for a higher quality of life. However, rapid urbanization also presents challenges, such as overpopulation, strain on resources, and social inequality.

Another important aspect of human migration is the flow of refugees and asylum seekers. Forced displacement, due to conflict, persecution, or natural disasters, has unfortunately become increasingly common. According to the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), by the end of 2022, an estimated 108.4 million people were forcibly displaced worldwide. These individuals often face perilous journeys and significant challenges in finding safety and rebuilding their lives.

Understanding the complexities of human migration is crucial in the 21st century. By studying its causes and consequences, we can better address the challenges and opportunities it presents. This understanding can inform policies related to immigration, urban planning, and humanitarian aid, fostering a more stable and equitable world for all.

The ethics of surveillance are increasingly complex in our technologically advanced world. [I] However, these advancements also give rise to important questions about privacy, autonomy, and potential misuse of information. [II] Where is the line between legitimate security measures and intrusive surveillance? [III] Balancing the benefits with the potential harms is a challenge that societies must grapple with. [IV]

A key concern related to widespread surveillance is the potential for its abuse. Authoritarian regimes, for example, could use these technologies to suppress dissent and monitor citizens' activities, chilling freedom of speech and assembly. This chilling effect can lead to self-censorship, limiting open dialogue and critical thinking. Furthermore, the data collected through surveillance can be vulnerable to breaches and hacks. This vulnerability exposes individuals to identity theft, financial fraud, and other forms of harm, highlighting the need for robust data protection measures and stringent oversight.

The increasing reliance on artificial intelligence (AI) in surveillance systems also introduces complex ethical dilemmas. AI-powered facial recognition, for instance, has been shown to exhibit biases, particularly against people of color and other marginalized groups. This can lead to misidentification and wrongful arrests, perpetuating systemic inequalities and undermining trust in law enforcement. Additionally, the use of predictive policing algorithms, while intended to prevent crime, can reinforce existing biases and lead to discriminatory targeting of certain communities.

Therefore, careful consideration of the ethical implications of surveillance is paramount. Open discussions, transparent regulations, and robust oversight mechanisms are crucial to ensure that these technologies are used responsibly and ethically. Striking a balance between security and privacy, while safeguarding fundamental rights and freedoms, is essential for building a just and equitable society in the digital age.