Đề ôn thi Đề thi tốt nghiệp THPT môn Tiếng Anh - Mã đề THPT-167

Mount Everest, (18) __________, has captivated the adventurous spirit of humankind since its identification as the world's highest peak in 1856. (19) __________. The formidable challenges posed by Everest's extreme altitude, treacherous weather, and perilous terrain make it a testament to human endurance and a symbol of overcoming seemingly insurmountable obstacles.

The first confirmed ascent of Mount Everest, (20) __________, was accomplished in 1953 by Sir Edmund Hillary and Tenzing Norgay. Their remarkable achievement ushered in a new era of mountaineering, inspiring countless others to test their mettle against the formidable peak. Over the years, climbing techniques, equipment, and weather forecasting have advanced significantly, increasing the success rate of expeditions. Nevertheless, Everest remains a formidable challenge, with over 300 recorded fatalities since record-keeping began.

The journey to Everest's summit is fraught with dangers. Climbers contend with altitude sickness, a potentially life-threatening condition caused by reduced oxygen levels. Avalanches and icefalls pose constant threats, while unpredictable weather patterns can quickly turn a challenging climb into a desperate fight for survival. Despite these risks, the allure of Everest remains strong. For many climbers, the arduous journey and (21) __________ represent the ultimate test of human strength and resilience.

(22) __________, embracing the unknown, and discovering the true potential of the human spirit. The mountain stands as a majestic symbol of the power of perseverance, reminding us that even the most daunting challenges can be overcome with determination, preparation, and a healthy dose of courage.

The science of memory and learning explores the intricate processes through which we acquire, store, and retrieve information. This field delves into the dynamic nature of the brain, highlighting its remarkable ability to adapt and change in response to experiences. Researchers in this field investigate the various stages of memory, including sensory memory, short-term memory, and long-term memory, each with its unique characteristics and limitations.

Understanding these different memory systems is crucial for developing effective learning strategies. For instance, the concept of "chunking," where information is grouped into meaningful units, leverages the capacity of short-term memory. This technique allows individuals to retain more information by breaking down complex concepts into manageable chunks.

Moreover, research on learning has identified the importance of active engagement and retrieval practice. Simply rereading notes or textbooks has limited effectiveness in solidifying knowledge. Instead, actively engaging with the material through techniques like summarizing, questioning, and teaching others promotes deeper understanding and long-term retention.

The field continues to evolve, revealing the interconnected nature of memory, learning, and various cognitive processes. Discoveries related to neuroplasticity, the brain's ability to reorganize itself by forming new neural connections, have revolutionized our understanding of how learning shapes the brain throughout life. This ongoing exploration holds immense potential for developing innovative educational approaches and interventions to enhance learning for individuals of all ages.

[I] The exploration of gender and sexuality has drastically evolved over time, moving beyond traditional binary understandings. [II] For centuries, many societies subscribed to rigid definitions of male and female, often linking them to specific roles and expectations. [III] These norms influenced everything from clothing and occupations to social interactions and expressions of identity. [IV]

These evolving perspectives have sparked important conversations about gender identity, a concept distinct from biological sex. Biological sex refers to the physical characteristics assigned at birth, while gender identity encompasses an individual's internal sense of being male, female, both, neither, or somewhere else along the spectrum. This distinction acknowledges that gender is a complex and personal construct, not solely determined by physical attributes. The rise of terms like "non-binary," "genderfluid," and "transgender" reflects a growing recognition of the diversity of gender identities.

The exploration of sexuality is equally complex, encompassing sexual orientation, desires, and behaviors. Understanding sexuality requires moving beyond heteronormative assumptions, which present heterosexuality as the default or "normal" sexual orientation. Instead, a more inclusive approach recognizes a wide range of sexual orientations, including homosexuality, bisexuality, pansexuality, and asexuality. Each orientation represents a different pattern of attraction and desire, highlighting the diversity of human sexual experiences.

Furthermore, ongoing research and open dialogue are crucial for fostering greater understanding and acceptance. Studies on the biological, psychological, and social factors influencing gender and sexuality are constantly expanding our knowledge. This research, combined with the lived experiences of individuals across the gender and sexual spectrums, is instrumental in challenging stereotypes, promoting inclusivity, and creating a more equitable and just society for all.