Đề ôn thi Đề thi tốt nghiệp THPT môn Tiếng Anh - Mã đề THPT-159

(18) __________. Offering an astonishing variety of dishes, (19) __________, Bangkok's street food is a feast for the senses. The intoxicating aromas of chili, lemongrass, and galangal, a ginger-like root, waft through the air, beckoning locals and tourists alike.

A key characteristic of Thai cuisine, and particularly its street food, is the harmonious blend of sweet, sour, salty, and spicy flavors. This balance is achieved through the skillful use of ingredients like palm sugar, lime juice, fish sauce, and chilies. One of the most popular street food dishes is Pad Thai, (20) __________, and a delectable sauce that perfectly embodies the signature Thai flavor profile. Another favorite is Som Tum, a spicy green papaya salad that tantalizes taste buds with its refreshing combination of shredded papaya, tomatoes, chilies, and peanuts.

Beyond the iconic dishes, Bangkok's street food scene offers a plethora of lesser-known but equally delicious options. Adventurous eaters can sample delicacies like grilled skewers of meat or seafood, boat noodles, a rich and flavorful soup traditionally sold from boats on canals, and mango sticky rice, a sweet and satisfying dessert. With thousands of street food vendors scattered across the city, (21) __________, finding a delicious and affordable meal is never a challenge in Bangkok.

(22) __________. It provides a glimpse into the daily lives of Thai people, their culinary traditions, and their love for fresh, flavorful food. Whether you're a seasoned foodie or simply looking to try something new, the street food of Bangkok is an adventure for the palate that should not be missed.

The Golden Age of Islam, spanning roughly from the 8th to the 13th centuries, was a period of unprecedented intellectual flourishing within the Islamic world. Emerging from the newly established Islamic empire, which stretched from Spain to India, scholars, artists, and thinkers from diverse backgrounds contributed to a vibrant intellectual atmosphere. This era witnessed a remarkable synthesis of knowledge, blending ancient Greek and Persian traditions with new Islamic ideas.

A key factor in this intellectual growth was the widespread translation movement. Recognizing the value of ancient texts, the Abbasid caliphs, particularly Harun al-Rashid and his son al-Ma'mun, established the House of Wisdom in Baghdad. This institution became a major center for translation, drawing scholars from across the empire to render works of philosophy, mathematics, astronomy, and medicine from Greek, Syriac, and Persian into Arabic.

The impact of this translation movement was profound. Muslim scholars didn't simply absorb this knowledge; they built upon it. Thinkers like al-Khwarizmi revolutionized mathematics by introducing the concept of algebra, while Ibn al-Haytham made groundbreaking discoveries in optics. Physicians like al-Razi and Ibn Sina advanced medical knowledge through their clinical observations and comprehensive medical encyclopedias.

Beyond the sciences, the Golden Age of Islam saw the rise of magnificent architecture, evidenced by structures like the Alhambra in Spain and the Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem. Literature flourished with the development of Arabic poetry and prose, and intricate geometric patterns became a hallmark of Islamic art. This era left an enduring legacy, shaping not only the Islamic world but also influencing the European Renaissance and leaving an indelible mark on human history.

[I] Cultural and natural wonders are powerful testaments to the richness of our planet's history, creativity, and biodiversity. [II] Sites like the Great Wall of China and the Grand Canyon draw in millions of visitors each year, fostering a sense of global interconnectedness and inspiring awe at human achievement and natural beauty. [III] Preserving these sites is crucial for educational purposes, as they allow us to learn from the past and appreciate the delicate balance of our ecosystems. [IV]

The economic impact of these wonders is substantial. For many countries, tourism revenue generated from sites like Machu Picchu in Peru or the Taj Mahal in India represents a significant portion of their national income. This influx of capital can be used to fund infrastructure projects, improve local services, and create employment opportunities, benefiting communities surrounding these locations. Moreover, the presence of these sites often encourages the development of supporting industries such as hospitality, transportation, and crafts, further boosting economic growth and cultural exchange.

Preserving these world-renowned landmarks, however, is a constant challenge. Factors such as climate change, pollution, and unsustainable tourism practices pose significant threats to their integrity. Rising sea levels endanger coastal wonders like Venice, Italy, while increasing temperatures and extreme weather events contribute to the degradation of natural sites like coral reefs and glaciers. Overcrowding and irresponsible visitor behavior can also damage fragile ecosystems and historical structures, necessitating careful management and conservation efforts.

Therefore, a balance must be struck between leveraging the economic benefits of tourism and ensuring the long-term preservation of these irreplaceable treasures. Sustainable tourism practices, including visitor education, controlled access, and investment in conservation initiatives, are essential to mitigating the negative impacts of tourism and safeguarding these wonders for future generations to appreciate and learn from.