Đề ôn thi Đề thi tốt nghiệp THPT môn Tiếng Anh - Mã đề THPT-155

(18) __________. Born in Jamaica in 1986, Bolt captivated the world with his speed, charisma, and dominance on the track. His accomplishments are legendary, including eight Olympic gold medals and numerous world records. (19) __________, however, extends far beyond medals and accolades.

One of Bolt's most remarkable feats was his performance at the 2008 Beijing Olympics, (20) __________. His time of 9.69 seconds in the 100-meter final, accomplished with untied shoelaces, showcased his astonishing acceleration and top-end speed. This unprecedented display of athleticism captivated the global audience and solidified Bolt's status as a sporting icon.

Beyond his individual achievements, Bolt's infectious enthusiasm and playful personality brought a renewed sense of excitement and interest to track and field. His signature "To Di World" pose became instantly recognizable, further cementing his place in popular culture. (21) __________, Bolt served as a role model for aspiring athletes worldwide, inspiring a new generation to chase their own dreams of speed and athletic excellence.

(22) __________. His dominance on the track, combined with his magnetic personality, helped to elevate track and field to new heights of global popularity. Even years after his retirement, Bolt's impact on the world of sports continues to resonate, reminding us of the power of dedication, perseverance, and raw talent.

Throughout history, humanity has been plagued by devastating pandemics that have reshaped societies and left an enduring mark on civilization. From the Peloponnesian War in ancient Greece to the Black Death in the Middle Ages, infectious diseases have repeatedly swept across continents, decimating populations and disrupting social order. The Antonine Plague, for instance, which ravaged the Roman Empire in the 2nd century AD, is estimated to have killed millions, weakening the empire's defenses and contributing to its eventual decline.

These outbreaks often had profound cultural and economic consequences. The bubonic plague, which peaked in Europe in the 14th century, not only wiped out a third of the population but also led to widespread social unrest, religious fanaticism, and a decline in trade. It transformed labor relations, as the sudden scarcity of workers gave peasants more bargaining power, ultimately contributing to the decline of feudalism.

While the pre-modern world lacked the scientific understanding to combat these diseases effectively, the advent of modern medicine brought about a new era in pandemic control. The development of vaccines and antibiotics, along with improvements in sanitation and public health infrastructure, drastically reduced the impact of infectious diseases in the 20th century. Diseases like smallpox, which had terrorized humanity for centuries, were eradicated, marking a triumph for public health initiatives.

However, the 21st century has shown us that the threat of pandemics remains potent. The emergence of novel viruses like SARS, H1N1 influenza, and most recently, COVID-19, underscores the continued vulnerability of human societies to infectious diseases. Globalization and rapid urbanization have created an interconnected world, enabling pathogens to spread with unprecedented speed and highlighting the need for international cooperation and robust public health systems to confront these global health challenges.

[I] Understanding the plight of endangered species is crucial for maintaining the biodiversity of our planet. [II] Human activities, such as habitat destruction, pollution, and overexploitation, have significantly driven down the populations of many species, pushing them towards the brink of extinction. [III] The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List, a comprehensive inventory of the global conservation status of biological species, estimates that over 40,000 species are currently threatened with extinction, including iconic animals like the African elephant, the Amur leopard, and the Javan rhinoceros. [IV]

The IUCN Red List categorizes species based on their extinction risk, ranging from "Least Concern" to "Extinct." This categorization system provides valuable insights into the severity of the threats facing different species and helps prioritize conservation actions. For example, species classified as "Critically Endangered," like the Sumatran orangutan, face an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild, necessitating immediate and intensive conservation interventions. Understanding these classifications is essential for allocating resources effectively and targeting the most vulnerable species.

Protecting endangered species requires a multi-pronged approach that addresses the root causes of their decline. Habitat loss, often driven by deforestation for agriculture and urban development, is a major threat to many species. Establishing protected areas, like national parks and wildlife reserves, can safeguard critical habitats and provide refuge for endangered species. In addition to habitat protection, efforts to combat poaching and illegal wildlife trade are crucial. These criminal activities decimate populations of endangered animals, particularly those valued for their ivory, horns, or other body parts.

Furthermore, mitigating the impacts of climate change is becoming increasingly important for endangered species conservation. Rising global temperatures, altered precipitation patterns, and increased frequency of extreme weather events can disrupt ecosystems and exacerbate the challenges faced by vulnerable species. By reducing greenhouse gas emissions and promoting sustainable practices, we can help protect endangered species from the escalating threats posed by climate change. Ultimately, the survival of these species depends on our collective commitment to conservation and our willingness to address the complex challenges that threaten their existence.