Đề ôn thi Đề thi tốt nghiệp THPT môn Tiếng Anh - Mã đề THPT-133

Space Exploration Technologies Corp., better known as SpaceX, has been at the forefront of a new era of space exploration since its founding in 2002. (18) __________ the company has consistently pushed technological boundaries. SpaceX achieved a historic milestone in 2012 when its (19) __________, a feat previously accomplished only by government agencies.

This achievement marked a turning point in space travel, demonstrating the viability of private companies in the traditionally government-dominated space industry. SpaceX's success hinges on its innovative approach to rocket design and reusability. Its Falcon 9 rocket, for instance, is designed with a first stage booster (20) __________, a feat that significantly reduces launch costs and makes space exploration more sustainable.

The company's ultimate goal, however, extends far beyond Earth orbit. SpaceX is developing Starship, a fully reusable spacecraft designed for interplanetary travel. (21) __________, Starship represents a bold vision for the future of humanity as a multi-planetary species.

(22) __________, inspiring a renewed interest in space exploration and the possibilities that lie beyond our planet. As SpaceX continues to reach for the stars, it paves the way for a future where humanity's presence extends far beyond the confines of Earth.

The European exploration and conquest of the Americas, beginning in the late 15th century, was a period of transformative change. Driven by a desire for new trade routes, wealth, and religious zeal, European powers, particularly Spain and Portugal, embarked on voyages across the Atlantic. These expeditions led to the "discovery" of lands previously unknown to them, forever altering the course of history for both the Old and New Worlds.

The encounter between Europeans and the indigenous populations of the Americas had devastating consequences. While initial interactions involved trade and diplomacy, they were quickly overshadowed by violence, disease, and exploitation. The arrival of Europeans introduced new illnesses, such as smallpox and measles, to which the indigenous people had no immunity. These epidemics decimated native populations, weakening their ability to resist European encroachment.

The conquest of the Americas was driven by a relentless pursuit of resources, particularly gold and silver. European powers established colonies, exploiting the land and labor of indigenous peoples to extract wealth. This exploitation took various forms, from the forced labor systems like the encomienda to the seizure of land for large-scale agriculture. The consequences of this economic exploitation continue to shape the Americas today.

The legacy of exploration and conquest is undeniably complex. While it led to the exchange of goods, ideas, and cultures between continents, it also resulted in the displacement, enslavement, and death of millions of indigenous people. Understanding this multifaceted history is crucial for acknowledging the lasting impact of colonialism and fostering a more nuanced understanding of the Americas' past and present.

The future of agriculture is inextricably linked to global food security. [I] With the world's population projected to reach nearly 10 billion by 2050, agricultural practices must keep up with the increasing demand for food. [II] Factors such as climate change, shrinking arable land, and resource depletion pose significant challenges to meeting these growing needs. [III] Addressing these challenges requires innovative solutions and global cooperation to ensure everyone has access to nutritious and affordable food. [IV]

One promising avenue for increasing agricultural productivity is precision agriculture. This involves using technology like GPS, sensors, and data analytics to optimize farm management practices. Farmers can gather real-time information about soil conditions, crop health, and weather patterns, allowing them to make data-driven decisions about irrigation, fertilization, and pest control. This targeted approach minimizes waste, reduces environmental impact, and maximizes yields, contributing to a more efficient and sustainable food production system.

Another crucial aspect of ensuring food security is developing climate-resilient crops. Climate change is already impacting agriculture through altered weather patterns, increased frequency of extreme weather events, and the spread of pests and diseases. Scientists are working on developing crop varieties that can withstand these climate-related challenges, such as drought-resistant maize and flood-tolerant rice. These advancements are critical for safeguarding food production in vulnerable regions and ensuring stable food supplies in the face of a changing climate.

Beyond technological advancements, addressing food waste is paramount. Roughly one-third of all food produced globally is lost or wasted annually. This not only represents a significant economic loss but also contributes to environmental problems such as greenhouse gas emissions. Implementing strategies to reduce food waste throughout the supply chain, from farm to table, is essential. These strategies could include improving storage and transportation infrastructure, educating consumers about reducing food waste at home, and promoting the use of "ugly" produce that might otherwise be discarded. By minimizing waste, we can make the most of the food already being produced and contribute significantly to achieving global food security.