Đề ôn thi Đề thi tốt nghiệp THPT môn Tiếng Anh - Mã đề THPT-124

(18) __________. As apex predators, they help regulate populations of prey species, preventing overgrazing and maintaining biodiversity. (19) __________ helps control those populations, which in turn impacts the abundance of fish and invertebrates further down the food chain. Without sharks, these delicate balances can be disrupted, leading to cascading effects throughout the entire marine environment.

One fascinating aspect of sharks is their evolutionary history. Having roamed the oceans for over 400 million years, they predate even the dinosaurs. This incredible lineage has resulted in a diverse group of over 500 species, each with unique adaptations and ecological roles. (20) __________ to the bioluminescent lantern shark, which uses light-producing organs to attract prey in the deep sea, sharks showcase a remarkable array of evolutionary innovations.

Unfortunately, despite their ecological importance and evolutionary significance, shark populations worldwide are facing increasing threats. Overfishing, driven by demand for shark fin soup and other products, is a major concern. It is estimated that (21) __________ far exceeding sustainable levels. This unsustainable exploitation has led to significant population declines in many species, pushing some towards the brink of extinction.

Protecting sharks requires a multifaceted approach. (22) __________. Public education is equally important to dispel myths and foster appreciation for these remarkable creatures. By understanding the ecological roles of sharks and the threats they face, we can work towards ensuring their survival for generations to come.

Humor, in its many forms, is a fundamental aspect of human interaction and societal function. From lighthearted jokes shared among friends to satirical commentary on current events, humor provides an outlet for expression, stress relief, and social bonding. Studies have shown that laughter, often triggered by humor, releases endorphins in the brain, which have mood-boosting and pain-reducing effects. This physiological response highlights the inherent benefit of humor for individual well-being.

Beyond individual benefits, humor plays a crucial role in shaping social dynamics. It can serve as a tool for social commentary, allowing individuals to express dissenting or critical viewpoints in a less confrontational manner. Political satire, for example, uses humor to expose hypocrisy, critique power structures, and encourage reflection on social issues. While this form of humor can be provocative, it often sparks important conversations and challenges societal norms.

Furthermore, humor acts as a social lubricant, easing tension and fostering connections between individuals. Shared laughter over a joke or funny situation creates a sense of camaraderie and strengthens interpersonal bonds. This is particularly important in diverse societies where humor can bridge cultural differences and promote understanding. A well-timed joke can break down barriers and facilitate communication between people from different backgrounds.

In an increasingly complex and often challenging world, humor provides a valuable tool for navigating social situations, coping with stress, and fostering a sense of community. Whether it's a lighthearted jest or a thought-provoking satire, humor enriches our lives and strengthens the fabric of society. Understanding its nuances and appreciating its various forms allows us to harness its power for both individual and collective well-being.

The ethics of space exploration are increasingly relevant as humanity expands its reach beyond Earth. [I] This rapid advancement has forced us to grapple with complex questions about resource ownership, environmental protection, and the potential for extraterrestrial life. [II] Should private entities be allowed to mine asteroids for profit? [III] What are our obligations to preserve potential ecosystems on other planets? These are not hypothetical scenarios anymore; they demand our immediate attention. [IV]

A central ethical dilemma revolves around planetary protection. Scientists are concerned about forward contamination, the possibility of introducing Earth-based life to other celestial bodies. This could compromise the search for indigenous life forms, essentially obscuring the very answers we seek. It also raises questions about our right to alter potentially pristine environments, even if unintentionally. Strict sterilization protocols for spacecraft and robotic explorers are essential, but the increasing volume of space traffic makes enforcing these measures a formidable challenge.

The potential discovery of extraterrestrial life presents a truly mind-boggling ethical scenario. Should we attempt to communicate with alien life forms? What if they are significantly less advanced, or conversely, vastly more advanced than us? The implications of such contact are enormous and require careful consideration from a variety of perspectives, including scientific, philosophical, and religious. International protocols and guidelines need to be developed preemptively to ensure any contact is managed responsibly and ethically, minimizing potential risks to both humanity and any extraterrestrial life we encounter.

Finally, the question of resource allocation cannot be ignored. Space exploration is an expensive endeavor. While the scientific and technological advancements are undeniable, critics argue that the vast sums of money involved could be better spent addressing pressing issues on Earth, such as poverty, climate change, and healthcare. Finding a balance between investing in space exploration and addressing terrestrial needs is a complex societal debate that requires careful consideration of both short-term and long-term priorities for humanity.